Engineering technicians

SOC 2020 3113

Engineering technicians perform a variety of technical support functions to assist engineers with the design, development, operation, installation and maintenance of engineering systems and constructions.

Also calledAgricultural engineering technicianAgricultural service engineerLand-based engineering technicianAerospace engineering technicianAircraft maintenance technicianMarine engineering technicianand 55 more titles
Typical full-time pay£44,8002025 Provisional
People in the job74,000across the UK
Demand for workersCritical
New adverts a month2,900↑ 16%on last year · 61st of 412

Pay

ONS · ASHE 2025

Half of full-time engineering technicians earn between £35,100 and £56,000 a year.

What full-time engineering technicians earn, 2025
Spread of full-time pay for engineering technicians
£44,800 typical£27,900lowest 10%£35,10025%£58,700top 20%n/ptop 10%
Middle half (£35,100–£56,000)n/p: top 10% not published by ONS
Show as table
Lowest 10% earn less than£27,900
Lowest 20% earn less than£32,700
25%£35,100
Median£44,800
75%£56,000
Top 20% earn more than£58,700
Top 10% earn more thanNot published
Typical pay by regionUK median £44,800
Typical full-time pay for engineering technicians by region
London!£54,700
South West£48,600
East of England!£44,400
North West!£44,200
Scotland!£42,600
North East!£42,200
East Midlands!£41,900
Wales!£39,900
Yorkshire and The Humber!£39,800
South East!£39,100
West Midlands!£37,400
!Small sample: treat with caution
Show as table
UK median, £44,800
London£54,700 (small sample)
South West£48,600
East of England£44,400 (small sample)
North West£44,200 (small sample)
Scotland£42,600 (small sample)
North East£42,200 (small sample)
East Midlands£41,900 (small sample)
Wales£39,900 (small sample)
Yorkshire and The Humber£39,800 (small sample)
South East£39,100 (small sample)
West Midlands£37,400 (small sample)
Typical pay over 3 years
  • 2023 £40,500
  • 2024 £42,600
  • 2025 Provisional£44,800
↑ 11% since 2023Provisional figures are revised when ONS publishes the next year’s survey.

Jobs and demand

ONS · Textkernel adverts · DfE

About 2,900 jobs for engineering technicians are advertised each month. The Department for Education rates demand for workers as critical.

New job adverts a month, Jan 2017 to Aug 2026
New online job adverts for engineering technicians each month
New advertsMonth not published by ONS (3 in all)
Show as table
Aug 20263,461
Jul 20263,032
Jun 20262,766
May 20262,692
Apr 20262,986
Mar 2026Not published
Feb 20262,460
Jan 20263,021
Dec 20251,702
Nov 20253,354
Oct 20253,074
Sept 20252,939
Aug 20252,735
Jul 2025Not published
Jun 2025Not published
May 20253,241
Apr 20252,400
Mar 20252,951
Feb 20252,818
Jan 20252,536
Dec 20241,411
Nov 20242,055
Oct 20242,364
Sept 20242,507
Aug 20242,310
Jul 20242,540
Jun 20242,412
May 20242,667
Apr 20242,639
Mar 20242,440
Feb 20242,509
Jan 20243,180
Dec 20232,517
Nov 20232,506
Oct 20232,377
Sept 20232,370
Aug 20232,674
Jul 20232,880
Jun 20233,904
May 20233,600
Apr 20233,134
Mar 20233,722
Feb 20233,781
Jan 20234,108
Dec 20223,392
Nov 20223,798
Oct 20224,148
Sept 20224,083
Aug 20224,325
Jul 20224,234
Jun 20224,087
May 20224,337
Apr 20223,348
Mar 20224,036
Feb 20223,798
Jan 20223,743
Dec 20213,232
Nov 20213,324
Oct 20213,311
Sept 20212,976
Aug 20213,050
Jul 20213,580
Jun 20213,036
May 20213,598
Apr 20213,618
Mar 20213,913
Feb 20212,386
Jan 20212,747
Dec 20202,099
Nov 20202,237
Oct 20202,217
Sept 20202,141
Aug 20201,932
Jul 20202,024
Jun 20202,000
May 20201,594
Apr 20202,150
Mar 20203,099
Feb 20203,608
Jan 20203,371
Dec 20192,641
Nov 20193,235
Oct 20193,420
Sept 20193,378
Aug 20193,418
Jul 20194,535
Jun 20194,180
May 20193,731
Apr 20192,815
Mar 20193,240
Feb 20193,041
Jan 20193,600
Dec 20182,225
Nov 20182,826
Oct 20182,962
Sept 20183,135
Aug 20182,920
Jul 20183,211
Jun 20183,079
May 20183,179
Apr 20182,966
Mar 20183,029
Feb 20182,816
Jan 20183,290
Dec 20172,478
Nov 20172,974
Oct 20172,992
Sept 20172,761
Aug 20172,883
Jul 20172,859
Jun 20173,393
May 20173,428
Apr 20173,285
Mar 20174,116
Feb 20173,679
Jan 20174,213
Is there a shortage of engineering technicians?
Critical

The Department for Education rates demand as not high, elevated or critical, using five indicators. This is its 2025 assessment; in 2024 it was elevated.

  • Visas grantedAbove usual
  • Online job advertsWell above usual
  • Wage growthUsual
  • Pay against similar jobsAbove usual
  • Hours workedAbove usual
Vacancies hard to fill because of skills
30%against 27% for all jobs
Broader groupFigure for science, engineering and production technicians, which includes engineering technicians. DfE Employer Skills Survey 2024.
Where the most jobs are advertisedadverts a quarter
Local areas with the most adverts for engineering technicians
London is published as one area. Averages leave out quarters ONS withheld.
Where engineering technicians are most concentratedShare of local job adverts, compared with the UK.

Recruitment from abroad. 377 sponsored work visas were granted for this job from July 2025 to June 2026, most to people from Philippines, China, Poland, ranking it 46th of 313. Home Office

Who does it

ONS · Annual Population Survey · April 2025 to March 2026
WomenToo few in the survey to give a reliable figure
Age of engineering technicians
Age profile of engineering technicians
7.7%!
24%!
24%!
25%!
17%!
n/p
!Small sample: treat with cautionn/p: too few in the survey to publish
Show as table
16–247.7% (small sample)
25–3424% (small sample)
35–4424% (small sample)
45–5425% (small sample)
55–6417% (small sample)
65+Not published
Highest qualification
Highest qualification held by engineering technicians
Degree or equivalent31%
Higher education below degree!9.8%
A levels or equivalent37%
GCSEs or equivalent!10%
Other qualifications!7%
No qualifications!3.8%
!Small sample: treat with caution
Show as table
Degree or equivalent31%
Higher education below degree9.8% (small sample)
A levels or equivalent37%
GCSEs or equivalent10% (small sample)
Other qualifications7% (small sample)
No qualifications3.8% (small sample)

Main employers: manufacture of air and spacecraft and related machinery (6.5%), defence activities (5%), repair of machinery (4.7%), repair and maintenance of aircraft and spacecraft (4.4%).

How to get in

Hold a degree
31%
as their highest qualification
Most common qualification
A levels or equivalent
held by 37%
Apprenticeships
17
from level 2
Apprenticeships take
18 months to 4 years
typically
T Levels
2
college courses for 16 to 19 year olds

Routes in

Agricultural engineering technician

You can get into this job through:

University

You can do a foundation degree or higher national diploma:

  • agricultural engineering
  • agricultural technology
  • mechanical, electrical or electronic engineering
Entry requirements

You'll usually need:

  • 1 or 2 A levels, or equivalent, for a foundation degree or higher national diploma

College

You could take a college course to learn some of the skills and knowledge you'll need to find a trainee engineering technician role.

Courses include:

  • agricultural engineering
  • land-based technology
  • T Level in Agriculture, Land Management and Production
Entry requirements

Entry requirements for these courses vary.

  • 4 or 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English and maths for a T Level

Apprenticeship

You may be able to apply for a place on a Land-Based Engineer Level 2 Intermediate Apprenticeship, or a Land-Based Service Engineering Technician Level 3 Advanced Apprenticeship.

This could be with an equipment manufacturer, service and repair company or agricultural college.

These take around 2 years to complete and combine on-the-job training and time spent with a learning provider.

Entry requirements

You'll usually need:

  • some GCSEs, usually including English and maths, or equivalent, for an intermediate apprenticeship
  • 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English and maths, for an advanced apprenticeship

Apply directly

You might be able to apply directly for jobs if you've got a qualification and experience in land-based engineering or servicing heavy plant vehicles and equipment.

What you’ll need

  • have a full driving licence

Registration and professional bodies

Career tips

As well as working on farm machinery, technicians service and repair equipment used in:

  • forestry
  • landscaping and leisure amenities
  • horticultural production

You may be expected to work longer hours during peak farming times.

Further information

You can find out more about a career in agricultural engineering from:

  • We are land-based engineering
  • Institution of Agricultural Engineers
  • Landbased Engineering Training and Education Committee
  • The Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture

Routes in are from the National Careers Service job profile for agricultural engineering technician. Contains public sector information from the National Careers Service licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

Aerospace engineering technician

You can get into this job through:

University

You could do a foundation degree, higher national diploma or degree in engineering to get into this career.

Relevant subjects include:

  • aeronautical engineering
  • aerospace engineering
  • mechanical engineering
  • electrical or electronics engineering
  • avionics
Entry requirements

You'll usually need:

  • 4 or 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English, maths and science
  • 1 or 2 A levels, or equivalent, for a foundation degree or higher national diploma
  • 2 or 3 A levels, or equivalent, including maths and a science for a degree

College

You could do A levels or an engineering course that would give you some of the skills and knowledge needed to apply for a trainee technician job with an aerospace company.

Courses include:

  • maths, physics and design and technology
  • mechanical and electrical engineering
  • aerospace and aviation engineering
  • aircraft maintenance
  • T Level in Engineering, Manufacturing, Processing and Control
Entry requirements

You'll usually need:

  • 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English, maths and science
  • 4 or 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English and maths for a T Level

Apprenticeship

You could apply to do an apprenticeship to train as a technician. Examples include:

  • Aircraft Maintenance Technician Level 3 Advanced Apprenticeship
  • Aerospace Engineering Technician Level 3 Advanced Apprenticeship
  • Mechatronics Maintenance Technician Level 3 Advanced Apprenticeship
  • Engineering Manufacturing Technician Level 4 Higher Apprenticeship
  • Space Engineering Technician Level 4 Higher Apprenticeship

These apprenticeships usually take between 3 and 4 years to complete and are a mix of on-the-job training and off-site study.

Entry requirements

You'll usually need:

  • 4 or 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English, maths and science
  • 4 or 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C) and A levels, or equivalent, for a higher or degree apprenticeship

Other routes

You could train and gain qualification as an aircraft technician in the armed forces.

You can find out more through the:

  • Royal Air Force
  • Royal Navy
  • Army

Registration and professional bodies

Career tips

You can try out virtual work experiences in different aviation industry jobs, including aircraft maintenance.

Further information

You can get more information about working and training in aerospace engineering from Careers in Aerospace and Neon.

Routes in are from the National Careers Service job profile for aerospace engineering technician. Contains public sector information from the National Careers Service licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

Marine engineering technician

You can get into this job through:

University

You could do a foundation degree, higher national diploma or degree in a subject like:

  • marine engineering
  • marine technology
  • electrical engineering
  • mechanical engineering
Entry requirements

You'll usually need:

  • 4 or 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English, maths and science
  • at least 1 A level, or equivalent, for a foundation degree
  • between 1 and 3 A levels, or equivalent, for a higher national diploma or degree

College

You could take a college course to get some of the skills and knowledge you'll need to get a trainee technician job.

Courses include:

  • marine engineering
  • mechanical or electrical engineering
  • fabrication and welding engineering technology
  • T Level in Maintenance, Installation and Repair for Engineering and Manufacturing
Entry requirements

Entry requirements for these courses vary.

Apprenticeship

You could apply to do a Maritime Mechanical and Electrical Mechanic Level 2 Intermediate Apprenticeship, with an engineering company.

You could also apply for a Level 3 Advanced Apprenticeship, for example:

  • Maritime Mechanical Fitter
  • Maritime Electrical Fitter
  • Maritime Pipeworker
  • Metal Fabricator
  • Marine Engineer
Entry requirements

You'll usually need:

  • some GCSEs, usually including English and maths, or equivalent, for an intermediate apprenticeship
  • 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English and maths, for an advanced apprenticeship

Work your way up

You could train to become a marine engineering technician with the Merchant Navy or Royal Navy.

Registration and professional bodies

Career tips

You may be able to apply for courses, training or jobs, if you have experience and qualifications in science or engineering from other industries.

Further information

You can find more advice about careers in marine engineering from:

  • Institute of Marine Engineering, Science and Technology
  • British Marine
  • This is Engineering

Routes in are from the National Careers Service job profile for marine engineering technician. Contains public sector information from the National Careers Service licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

Mechanical engineering technician

You can get into this job through:

University

You can do a foundation degree or higher national diploma in mechanical engineering.

Entry requirements

You'll usually need:

  • 4 or 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English, maths and science
  • 1 or 2 A levels, or equivalent, for a foundation degree or higher national diploma

College

You can take a college course which would teach you some of the skills needed to become a mechanical engineering technician.

Relevant courses include:

  • mechanical engineering
  • engineering technology
  • T Level in Engineering, Manufacturing, Processing and Control
  • T Level in Maintenance, Installation and Repair for Engineering and Manufacturing
Entry requirements

Entry requirements for these courses vary.

  • 4 or 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English and maths for a T Level

Apprenticeship

You may be able to start in a junior or assistant role by doing an Engineering and Manufacturing Level 2 Foundation Apprenticeship.

You could also apply to do a Level 3 Advanced Apprenticeship, such as:

  • Engineering Technician
  • Engineering Maintenance Technician
  • Mechatronics Maintenance Technician
  • Maintenance and Operations Engineering Technician
Entry requirements

You'll usually need:

  • no specific qualifications or experience to apply for a foundation apprenticeship
  • 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English and maths, for an advanced apprenticeship
More about this route
Foundation apprenticeship

You can apply for a foundation apprenticeship if you're aged 16 to 21.

If you're aged 22 to 24, you can apply if you:

  • have an education, health and care (EHC) plan
  • are in care or have been in care
  • are in prison or have been in prison

Registration and professional bodies

Professional and industry bodies

You could join the Institution of Mechanical Engineers for professional development opportunities and to build up your contacts in the industry.

Further information

You can find out more about a career in mechanical engineering from:

  • the Institution of Mechanical Engineers
  • This is Engineering

Routes in are from the National Careers Service job profile for mechanical engineering technician. Contains public sector information from the National Careers Service licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

Chemical engineering technician

You can get into this job through:

University

You can do a foundation degree, higher national certificate or degree in:

  • chemistry
  • chemical sciences
  • chemical engineering
  • biochemical engineering
Entry requirements

You'll usually need:

  • 2 or 3 A levels, or equivalent, including chemistry

College

You can take a college course before applying to a company for a trainee technician job.

Courses include:

  • applied science
  • chemistry
  • T Level in Science (laboratory sciences option)
Entry requirements

Entry requirements for these courses vary.

  • 4 or 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English and maths for a T Level

Apprenticeship

You could apply for a place on a Level 3 Advanced Apprenticeship to get into this job, such as:

  • Laboratory Technician
  • Science Manufacturing Technician
  • Engineering and Manufacturing Support Technician

With experience, you might also go on to do a Technician Scientist Level 5 Higher Apprenticeship.

These can take between 2 and 4 years to complete.

Entry requirements

You'll usually need:

  • 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English and maths, for an advanced apprenticeship
  • 4 or 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C) and A levels, or equivalent, for a higher or degree apprenticeship

Registration and professional bodies

Professional and industry bodies

You could join the Institution of Chemical Engineers for professional development opportunities.

Further information

You can get more advice about careers in the chemicals industry from the Institution of Chemical Engineers.

Routes in are from the National Careers Service job profile for chemical engineering technician. Contains public sector information from the National Careers Service licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

Electrical engineering technician

You can get into this job through:

University

You can do a foundation degree or higher national diploma in electrical and electronic engineering.

Entry requirements

You'll usually need:

  • 1 or 2 A levels, or equivalent, for a foundation degree or higher national diploma

College

You can take a college course, which would teach you some of the skills needed for the job and may help you to find a trainee position with a company.

Relevant courses include:

  • electrical installation
  • electrical and electronic engineering
  • T Level in Building Services Engineering for Construction
  • T Level in Engineering, Manufacturing, Processing and Control
Entry requirements

Entry requirements for these courses vary.

  • 4 or 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English and maths for a T Level

Apprenticeship

You can apply to do an Engineering and Manufacturing Level 2 Foundation Apprenticeship.

You can also do a Level 3 Advanced Apprenticeship, such as:

  • Installation and Maintenance
  • Engineering Maintenance Technician
  • Engineering Technician
  • Power Industry Substation Fitter
Entry requirements

You'll usually need:

  • no specific qualifications or experience to apply for a foundation apprenticeship
  • 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English and maths, for an advanced apprenticeship

Apply directly

You can apply directly for jobs if you have relevant experience and qualifications. For example, from electrical, electronic, power or building services engineering.

You can find out more about careers in electrical engineering through Tomorrow's Engineers and The Institution of Engineering and Technology.

Routes in are from the National Careers Service job profile for electrical engineering technician. Contains public sector information from the National Careers Service licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

Wind turbine technician

You can get into this job through:

University

You could do a foundation degree, higher national diploma or degree in:

  • renewable energy engineering
  • electrical or mechanical engineering
  • electrical power engineering

It might give you an advantage if your course includes the opportunity to get work experience through summer internships or a year in industry.

Entry requirements

You'll usually need:

  • 1 or 2 A levels, or equivalent, for a foundation degree or higher national diploma
  • 2 to 3 A levels, or equivalent, for a degree

College

You could do a college course, which could help you to get a trainee job with a wind turbine engineering company.

Courses include:

  • electrical and electronic engineering
  • mechanical engineering technology
  • T Level in Maintenance, Installation and Repair for Engineering and Manufacturing
Entry requirements

Entry requirements for these courses vary.

  • 4 or 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English and maths for a T Level

Apprenticeship

You could apply to do a Level 3 Advanced Apprenticeship, such as:

  • Maintenance Operations Engineering Technician
  • Engineering Technician
  • Engineering Maintenance Technician

These can take between 3 and 4 years to complete.

Entry requirements

You'll usually need:

  • 5 GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C), or equivalent, including English and maths, for an advanced apprenticeship

Apply directly

You can apply directly for jobs if you've got qualifications and experience in electrical or mechanical engineering from another industry, or from the armed forces.

What you’ll need

  • pass background checks
  • have a full driving licence

You'll also need safety training to work on wind turbines. This could include sea survival if you're working offshore. Your employer will let you know what's required.

Registration and professional bodies

Career tips

Companies are predicted to need more wind turbine technicians in the future as industries move towards using renewable energy sources.

Further information

You can find out more about working in the renewable energy industry from RenewableUK and Energy & Utilities Careers & Jobs.

Routes in are from the National Careers Service job profile for wind turbine technician. Contains public sector information from the National Careers Service licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

Apprenticeships

17 for this job
Level 3About 4 years

Engineering maintenance technician

Leads to
Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE)
Employers may ask for
Individual employers will set their own entry requirements.
Details on Skills England
Level 3About 3½ years

Engineering maintenance technician

Leads to
Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE)
Details on Skills England
Level 4About 3 years

Lead engineering maintenance technician

You gain
L4 HNC or similar qualification in Engineering and manufacturing maintenance disciplines…
Leads to
The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Employers may ask for
Individual employers will set their own recruitment and selection criteria for their Apprenticeships. In order to optimise success, candidates will typically…
Details on Skills England
Level 4About 4 years

Space engineering technician

Leads to
IET
Employers may ask for
Typical entry requirement is a minimum of 5 GCSE's Including English, Mathematics and Science-based subjects in C-A* or 4-9 except mathematics (B-A* or 6-9)
Details on Skills England
Level 3About 18 months

Automotive glazing technician

Employers may ask for
Individual employers will typically set the selection criteria for applicants to the industry. Typical qualifications may include GCSEs or equivalent.
Details on Skills England
Level 3About 2 years

Lifting equipment technician

Leads to
The Institute of Engineering and Technology
Employers may ask for
Although there are no statutory or regulatory entry requirements, this occupation does require employees to have a firm understanding of mathematical…
Details on Skills England
Level 3About 3½ years

Maritime electrical fitter

You gain
Extended Diploma in Advanced Manufacturing Engineering (Development Knowledge); Level 3 Diploma in Advanced Manufacturing Engineering (Development knowledge)
Leads to
The Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Employers may ask for
Individual employers will set the recruitment and selection criteria for their apprenticeships. Candidates will typically have 4 GCSEs at grade C or grade 4…
Details on Skills England
Level 3About 3½ years

Maritime mechanical fitter

You gain
Extended Diploma in Advanced Manufacturing Engineering (Development Knowledge); Level 3 Diploma in Advanced Manufacturing Engineering (Development knowledge)
Leads to
Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Employers may ask for
Individual employers will set the recruitment and selection criteria for their apprenticeships. Candidates will typically have 4 GCSEs at grade C or grade 4…
Details on Skills England

© Skills England 2025. This information is licensed under the Open Government Licence https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/

Other qualifications

QualificationTypeLevel
Engineering, manufacturing, processing and control​T Level3
Maintenance, installation and repair for engineering and manufacturingT Level3
Higher National Certificate in Space Technologies for EnglandHigher technical4
Higher National Diploma in Space Technologies for EnglandHigher technical5

The work

ONS · ESCO · O*NET

Typical tasks

  • plans and prepares work and test schedules based on specifications and drawings
  • sets up equipment, undertakes tests, takes readings, performs calculations and records and interprets data
  • prepares estimates of materials, equipment and labour required for engineering projects
  • diagnoses and detects faults and implements procedures to maintain efficient operation of systems and equipment
  • inspects completed aircraft maintenance work to certify that it meets standards and the aircraft is ready for operation;
  • visits and advises clients on the use and servicing of mechanical and chemical engineering products and services
  • provides health and safety inductions and adheres to health and safety procedures
  • completes documentation such as project records, safety reports
  • carries out stock takes

Skills

  • adjust engineering designs
  • analyse test data
  • design engineering components
  • liaise with engineers
  • read engineering drawings
  • troubleshoot
  • use a computer
  • analyse production processes for improvement
  • assess operating cost
  • create technical plans
  • ensure equipment availability
  • interpret technical requirements
  • maintain power plants
  • manage supplies

Knowledge

  • CAE software
  • engineering principles
  • engineering processes
  • mathematics
  • mechanical engineering
  • mechanics
  • principles of mechanical engineering
  • blueprints

Suits people who like

  • Practical, hands-on work
  • Organising and following procedures

Outlook

DfE · Skills Imperative 2035
Broader groupThese projections are for science, engineering and technology associate professionals, a group of 11 jobs that includes engineering technicians.
Change in jobs, 2020 to 2035↓ 4.9%about 34,000 fewer jobs
Workers needed by 2035228,000including people replacing those who retire or leave

Sources

Pay
ONS, Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings, 2025 provisional
People in the job, who does it
ONS, Annual Population Survey, April 2025 to March 2026
Job adverts
ONS, online job adverts (Textkernel), to Aug 2026
Demand, skill shortages
Department for Education and Skills England, Occupations in demand and the Employer Skills Survey
Outlook
The Skills Imperative 2035 (2024), NFER/Nuffield/DfE/IER/CE
Routes in
National Careers Service job profiles
Apprenticeships, qualifications
Skills England occupational maps
Skills, interests
ESCO classification of the European Commission; O*NET data, U.S. Department of Labor (CC BY 4.0, modified)
Visas
Home Office, immigration system statistics

Figures as of 10 October 2026.

Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Occupations in demand and the Employer Skills Survey: Department for Education and Skills England. Immigration system statistics: Home Office. Contains public sector information from the National Careers Service licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

© Skills England 2025. This information is licensed under the Open Government Licence https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/

Source: The Skills Imperative 2035 (2024), NFER/Nuffield/DfE/IER/CE.

This service uses the ESCO classification of the European Commission.

This service includes information from the O*NET 31.0 Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA). Used under the CC BY 4.0 license. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. This service has modified all or some of this information. USDOL/ETA has not approved, endorsed, or tested these modifications. CC BY 4.0 licence.

jobfacts is independent. It is not part of, affiliated with or endorsed by the Office for National Statistics, the Department for Education, Skills England, the National Careers Service, the Home Office, the European Commission or the U.S. Department of Labor.